Reconstruction Manual
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The basement of the house does not underlie the entire ground
plan; there is no cellar under the staircase hall. In Jurkovič's
original design the basement contained cellars, various technical
facilities for the house and garden and a warden's flat. In the
centre of the ground plan was the main heating source, burning
solid fuel, from which warm air was distributed to the rooms on...
Zavřít okno1. Basement
The basement of the house does not underlie the entire ground
plan; there is no cellar under the staircase hall. In Jurkovič's
original design the basement contained cellars, various technical
facilities for the house and garden and a warden's flat. In the
centre of the ground plan was the main heating source, burning
solid fuel, from which warm air was distributed to the rooms on the
ground floor and the first floor through vents. There was a
separate room with a generator supplying power to the lights in the
main rooms. These fixtures have not survived. In the 1950's an
obligatory "atomic air-raid shelter" was inserted into part of the
basement.
Before the house restoration, the entire basement
structure was completely degraded by ground damp, as the original
(and still functional) horizontal asphalt insulation had only been
placed above the level of the basement masonry. The state of the
basement, already rebuilt several times, did not therefore lend
itself at all to any prospect of a respectful restoration that
might exemplify its original functions.
The whole basement was provided with a state-of-the-art
damp course inserted by combined cutting (with inserted vertical
and horizontal hydroinsulation) and polyurethane high-pressure
grouting in places where the masonry could only be accessed from
one side. The basement layout was modified in order to house
visitors' facilities and the technical infrastructure of the house.
The original door and window fillings, including their colour
schemes, were preserved.
A video series (1/10) - Basement:
Zavřít okno1.1 Masonry
| Object | Masonry |
| Lacation in House | Basement; base and the entrance loggia of the ground floor |
| Material | soft quarry stone, crumbling in places, from the Brno vicinity, chiefly pink-reddish (Brno pudding-stone), blue-green in places; fired bricks |
| Author | Dušan Jurkovič |
| Maker
| Antonín Tebich, stavitel;
František Hrdina, stavební příručí |
| Place of production | Brno-Žabovřesky |
| Dating (original) | 1906 |
| Author of new design | Petr Všetečka, Robert Václavík, Karel Menšík, Alena Všetečková (Transat architekti) |
| Replica maker | Jaroslav Král, návrh sanace proti vlhkosti; firma Cesis, provedení sanace |
| Reconstruction Date | 2009-2010 |
| Description | (Original state)
The basement, the base of the ground floor, the massive entrance stone loggia and the chimneys are masonry.
The external masonry consists of large stone blocks, below the terrain level of small stone fragments and clay with lime mortar filling a foundation ditch. The internal masonry is partially of fired bricks. Its overall thickness is 50–60 cm. The proportional thicknesses of stone and brick vary with the size of stones used; the sides were built in parallel.
The internal masonry, 45 cm thick, is of fired bricks..
The external staircase and paving in the loggia are of reddish sandstone, size of tiles 40 x 40–60 cm. The gargoyles draining water from the terrace, supported by the entrance loggia, are of artificial stone of natural sand colour.
|
| State of preservation before reconstruction | The stone and stone-brick masonry was preserved without damage to the structure, below terrain level it was very damp. |
| Reconstruction procedure | Apart from a damp course, the masonry did not require any further work. Before damp-coursing it had to be grouted with artificial resin to a height of ca. 30 cm above the section, as the stone rockfill was mostly laid on clay.
The loggia paving and gargoyles were restored on the surface, some sunken tiles were raised to the surrounding level.
|
| Keywords | masonry, basement, base, loggia, chimney, quarry stone, artificial stone, fired bricks, tiles, damp course |
Zavřít okno1.2 Cellar
| Object | Cellar |
| Lacation in House | Basement |
| Material | stone; fired bricks |
| Author | Dušan Jurkovič |
| Maker
| Antonín Tebich, stavitel;
František Hrdina, stavební příručí
|
| Place of production | Brno-Žabovřesky |
| Dating (original) | 1906 |
| Author of new design | Petr Všetečka, Robert Václavík, Karel Menšík, Alena Všetečková (Transat architekti) |
| Reconstruction Date | 2009-2010 |
| Description | (Original state)
The cellar premises are the only masonry rooms in the house. They included a laundry, a warden’s flat, a workshop, a boiler room, a generator room, two pantries, cellars for fuel and a wine cellar accessed from the garden. |
| State of preservation before reconstruction | Most of the original layout of the cellar was preserved, as were the majority of wooden components. In the 1950’s an “atomic air-raid shelter” was inserted into the original warden’s flat and workshop, at which point the original layout was lost. The floors and plastering of the walls exposed to ground damp had deteriorated to the point of destruction. |
| Reconstruction procedure | After the required damp coursing, the basement was modified to provide visitors’ facilities and technical infrastructure for the house. Some partitions were pulled down and new ones constructed in some places, which led to the reorganisation of the cellar premises into a new layout, now comprising an entrance hall, toilets, a cloakroom and a changing room for the staff. The former laundry has become the base for a lift, a feature new to the house.
The position of the boiler room in the centre of the house has remained; it is now surrounded by several newly installed systems. Some of the ceiling elements above the basement required reinforcement and plastering, and floors in the cellar rooms are new.
The original door and window fillings were preserved and restored, including retention of their colour schemes. Those added recently are of different shape and colour.
|
| Keywords | basement, cellar, masonry, quarry stone, fired bricks, damp course, layout, visitors’ facilities, technical infrastructure |
Zavřít okno1.3 Wine cellar
| Object | Wine cellar |
| Lacation in House | Basement |
| Material | stone; fired bricks; soil insulation layer |
| Author | Dušan Jurkovič |
| Maker
| Antonín Tebich, stavitel;
František Hrdina, stavební příručí |
| Place of production | Brno-Žabovřesky |
| Dating (original) | 1906 |
| Author of new design | Petr Všetečka, Robert Václavík, Karel Menšík, Alena Všetečková (Transat architekti) |
| Reconstruction Date | 2009-2010 |
| Description | A wine cellar with brickwork vaulting occupied a special position in the basement layout. It could only be accessed from the garden. The entrance was marked by a roofed wooden portal, remarkably carved and painted, and a door with a decorative fitting.
The space above the vaulting was filled with soil to serve as an insulation layer keeping the wine room cool.
|
| State of preservation before reconstruction | The original purpose of the wine cellar probably changed over time. The insulation layer of soil placed a heavy load on the vaulting and had damaged it over the years. |
| Reconstruction procedure | The collapsed wine-cellar vaulting, disproportionately burdened by a heavy soil layer intended to keep the room cool, had to be replaced as part of the restoration.
In the current basement layout the wine cellar has been converted into visitors’ toilets. The corridor and vestibule leading to it may be also accessed from the garden and are part of service and technical facilities.
|
| Keywords | basement, cellar, wine cellar, masonry, quarry stone, fired bricks, vaulting |
Zavřít okno1.4 Chimneys
| Object | Chimneys |
| Material | fired bricks; artificial stone |
| Author | Dušan Jurkovič |
| Place of production | Brno-Žabovřesky |
| Dating (original) | 1906 |
| Author of new design | Petr Všetečka, Robert Václavík, Karel Menšík, Alena Všetečková (Transat architekti) |
| Replica maker | Monika Lokajová a Jan Krupka, repliky komínových hlavic |
| Reconstruction Date | 2009-2010 |
| Description | (Original state)
The house contained one chimney venting the hot-air central heating and two other chimneys with five vents for local heating, i.e. for tile stoves in the drawing room and studies, for a kitchen stove and a boiler in the basement.
The chimneys were among the few components in the house made of fired bricks, while the chimney-tops were of artificial stone of a natural shade with their cone-shaped heads painted red.
|
| State of preservation before reconstruction | The lower sections of the chimneys had survived in relatively good condition and required only minor repairs. The brickwork above the roof and the tops were weather-worn and beginning to crumble. |
| Reconstruction procedure | The chimney for the hot-air central heating was used as a coaxial intake for the new gas condensation boiler. The other vents of the original chimneys were preserved and some used as conduits for electrical modifications.
The above-roof brickwork of all the chimneys was replaced and replicas of the chimney-tops in bicolour artificial stone, made to imitate the only crumbling piece that had survived, were added.
|
| Keywords | chimney, chimney-top, fired bricks, artificial stone, heating, boiler, distribution systems |
Zavřít okno1.5 Atomic air-raid shelter
| Object | Atomic air-raid shelter |
| Lacation in House | Basement |
| Material | stone; fired bricks |
| Place of production | Brno-Žabovřesky |
| Dating (original) | 1950’s |
| Author of new design | Petr Všetečka, Robert Václavík, Karel Menšík, Alena Všetečková (Transat architekti) |
| Reconstruction Date | 2009-2010 |
| Description | In Jurkovič’s original layout, the south-eastern part of the basement, situated under the private rooms on the ground floor, was taken up with a warden’s flat and a workshop. In the 1950’s, when the communist authorities considered the house too large, and two families in addition to the owner’s were moved in, the former warden’s flat and workshop were converted into an “atomic air-raid shelter”. |
| State of preservation before reconstruction | The addition of the air-raid shelter meant that the original layout of this part of the basement was lost, and it has not been restored to its original appearance. |
| Reconstruction procedure | Due to the state of the basement and irreversible interference in its layout in the 1950’s, and with regard to the new function and use of the building, plans were drawn up for a new layout of the basement in terms of visitors’ facilities. The former warden’s flat and workshop, later an air-raid shelter, now comprise an entrance hall for visitors with a ticket office, as well as a day room for the staff. |
| Keywords | basement, cellar, warden’s flat, workshop, atomic air-raid shelter, visitors’ facilities |
Zavřít okno1.6 Wheelchair access
| Object | Wheelchair access |
| Lacation in House | Basement |
| Material | Ferroconcrete cavity boards; bricks; concrete; terrazzo with Carrara marble gravel |
| Author | Petr Všetečka, Robert Václavík, Karel Menšík (Transat architekti) |
| Dating (original) | 2009 |
| Description | Pro zajištění bezbariérového přístupu do domu přibyla na nejméně exponované jihovýchodní fasádě rampa směřující do podzemního podlaží. Bezbariérovou vybavenost doplňuje uvnitř domu malý výtah, situovaný vedle zadního schodiště v logice původní dispozice. Vnější rampa pokračuje kaskádovým řešením interiéru suterénu – nová podlaha vstupní haly návštěvnického zázemí byla zvýšena o 48 cm. Tvoří ji železobetonové dutinové desky na cihelné podezdívce a vyztužená betonová vrstva, dožilé povrchy podlah nahradilo teraco s kamenivem z bílého carrarského mramoru. Vnitřní rampa je provedena ve sklonu 1 : 12 bez mezipodesty. Pod novou podlahu byla vložena tepelná izolace, v její úrovni jsou rovněž uloženy hlavní rozvody technických sítí. |
| Keywords | basement, cellar, south-eastern frontage, ramp, wheelchair access, lift, floor, terrazzo, distribution systems |
Zavřít okno1.7 Lift
| Object | Lift |
| Lacation in House | Basement; former maid’s room on the ground floor; modelling room on the 1st floor |
| Material | Steel frame; wood-cement particle board; brushed varnish; cork |
| Dimensions | shaft: h 11.5 m, w 161 cm, d 176 cm, cabin: 100 x 125 cm |
| Author | Petr Všetečka, Robert Václavík, Karel Menšík (Transat architekti) |
| Maker
| Trebilift, s. r. o., Třebíč, výtah; PPD Design, s. r. o., Ostrava, šachta |
| Dating (original) | 2009 |
| Description | Nově vložený výtah je vyhrazen osobám se sníženou pohyblivostí. Umožňuje pohyb imobilních po celém objektu s výjimkou ochozu hlavní haly a bývalého hostinského pokoje, nyní dětského ateliéru.
Domem prochází nová ocelová konstrukce výtahové šachty sestávající ze tří dílů vložených shora, odstrojenou střechou. Od všech konstrukcí domu s výjimkou základů je šachta stavebně oddělena kvůli eliminaci chvění i kvůli možným budoucím přirozeným tvarovým změnám dřevostavby.
Výtah je situovaný vedle zadního schodiště. Místo pro lůžko šachty v suterénu se nachází na místě bývalé prádelny. V přízemí prochází výtahová šachta bývalým pokojem služky a spíží a v 1. patře modelovnou, která byla součástí Jurkovičova ateliéru.
Příhradovou konstrukci šachty tvoří sloupy z ocelových profilů L120/12, příčle z profilů U120 a úhlopříčky z profilů U80. Celkové rozměry šachty jsou 161 x 176 cm při výšce 11,5 metru. Vnitřní kabina má rozměry 100 x 125 cm. Výtah má lanový pohon se synchronním elektromotorem bez převodovky a nemá strojovnu. Interiér kabiny je tvořen korkem.
Plášť ocelové konstrukce je vyroben z cementotřískových desek tloušťky 18 mm opatřených z vnější strany bílým vrstveným broušeným lakem ve vysokém lesku. |
| Keywords | basement, cellar, ground floor, 1st floor, laundry, maid’s room, modelling room, wheelchair access, lift, lift shaft |
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